Unit I

UV Visible spectroscopy
Electronic transitions, chromophores, auxochromes, spectral shifts, solvent effect on absorption spectra, Beer and Lambert’s law, Derivation and deviations.
Instrumentation – Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, sample cells, detectors- Photo tube, Photomultiplier tube, Photo voltaic cell, Silicon Photodiode.
Applications – Spectrophotometric titrations, Single component and multi component analysis
Fluorimetry
Theory, Concepts of singlet, doublet and triplet electronic states, internal and external conversions, factors affecting fluorescence, quenching, instrumentation and applications

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Unit II

IR spectroscopy
Introduction, fundamental modes of vibrations in poly atomic molecules, sample handling, factors affecting vibrations
Instrumentation – Sources of radiation, wavelength selectors, detectors – Golay cell, Bolometer, Thermocouple, Thermister, Pyroelectric detector and applications
Flame Photometry-Principle, interferences, instrumentation and applications
Atomic absorption spectroscopy- Principle, interferences, instrumentation and applications
Nepheloturbidometry– Principle, instrumentation and applications

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Unit III

Introduction to chromatography
Adsorption and partition column chromatography-Methodology, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Thin layer chromatography– Introduction, Principle, Methodology, Rf values, advantages, disadvantages and applications.
Paper chromatography-Introduction, methodology, development techniques, advantages, disadvantages and applications
Electrophoresis– Introduction, factors affecting electrophoretic mobility, Techniques of paper, gel, capillary electrophoresis, applications

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Unit IV

Gas chromatography – Introduction, theory, instrumentation, derivatization, temperature programming, advantages, disadvantages and applications
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-Introduction, theory, instrumentation, advantages and applications.

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Unit V

Ion exchange chromatography– Introduction, classification, ion exchange resins, properties, mechanism of ion exchange process, factors affecting ion exchange, methodology and applications
Gel chromatography– Introduction, theory, instrumentation and applications
Affinity chromatography– Introduction, theory, instrumentation and applications

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